Magnesia (ad Maeandrum) – Germencik, Aydın
Magnesia is an Ionian city established in the Meander River plain (at the foot of Mount Thorax), famous for its planned urbanism and massive temple. Known as "Magnesia on the Meander." The Temple of Artemis, the masterpiece of Hermogenes, one of the most famous architects of the ancient world, is located here.
History Founded by Magnetes from Thessaly. It maintained its importance during the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman periods. The city was known throughout the ancient world for festivals held in honor of "Artemis Leucophryene" (Artemis with White Eyebrows).
Key Structures
- Temple of Artemis Leucophryene: Built by Architect Hermogenes in the 2nd century BC in the Ionic order, this temple is the 4th largest of the Hellenistic period. The temple's friezes depict the battle between Amazons and Greeks (Originals are in Louvre, Berlin, and Istanbul museums).
- Stadium: With a capacity of 30,000, it is one of the best-preserved ancient stadiums in the world. The track length is 189 meters. The reliefs on its walls and the stands are almost as intact as on the first day.
- Theatre: Remained buried for a long time due to landslides; parts have been revealed through excavations.
- Market Basilica (Agora): An interesting structure featuring reliefs of Scylla with dog legs on its column capitals.
- Latrine (Toilet): Demonstrates the hygiene concept of ancient engineering with a capacity of 32 people and a clean water system.
Sources
- Magnesia Excavation Directorate
- Wikipedia – Magnesia on the Maeander
- Vikipedi – Magnesia ad Maeandrum